/* ==========================================================================
   PeterKnowsBest.com — Premium Editorial Review Site
   Design System: Editorial Magazine + Dark-First Premium + Clean Reviewer
   ==========================================================================
   Table of Contents:
   1.  Google Fonts Import
   2.  CSS Custom Properties (Light + Dark)
   3.  Reset & Base Styles
   4.  Custom Scrollbar
   5.  Typography
   6.  Layout & Container
   7.  Utility Classes
   8.  Header & Navigation
   9.  Mobile Menu
   10. Hero Section
   11. Category Pills / Badges
   12. Article Cards
   13. Category Sections (Homepage)
   14. Article Page
   15. Reading Progress Bar
   16. Category Page
   17. Search Overlay
   18. Footer & Newsletter
   19. Back to Top Button
   20. Scroll Reveal Animations
   21. Micro-interactions
   22. Responsive — Mobile (< 640px)
   23. Responsive — Tablet (640px – 1023px)
   24. Responsive — Desktop (1024px+)
   25. Large Desktop (1280px+)
   26. Print Styles
   ========================================================================== */


/* ==========================================================================
   1. Google Fonts Import
   ========================================================================== */

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Outfit:wght@400;500;600;700;800;900&family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,300;0,9..40,400;0,9..40,500;0,9..40,600;1,9..40,400;1,9..40,500&display=swap');


/* ==========================================================================
   2. CSS Custom Properties
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  /* — Brand Gradient: Ink & Ember — */
  --gradient-primary: linear-gradient(135deg, #c4553a, #d4785a);
  --gradient-primary-hover: linear-gradient(135deg, #d4785a, #e09070);
  --gradient-accent: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a1a 0%, #c4553a 50%, #d4785a 100%);
  --accent: #c4553a;
  --accent-light: #d4785a;

  /* — Category Colors (Light Mode) — Curated earth + jewel tones — */
  --cat-technology: #4a6fa5;
  --cat-lifestyle: #c4553a;
  --cat-finance: #2d7d46;
  --cat-health: #1a8a7d;
  --cat-home: #b8860b;
  --cat-travel: #2878a8;
  --cat-fashion: #8a4f7d;

  /* — Surfaces — warm whites — */
  --bg-primary: #faf9f7;
  --bg-secondary: #ffffff;
  --bg-tertiary: #f4f2ef;
  --bg-elevated: #ffffff;

  /* — Text — warm charcoal — */
  --text-primary: #1a1a1a;
  --text-secondary: #3d3d3d;
  --text-tertiary: #6b6b6b;
  --text-muted: #9a9a9a;
  --text-inverse: #faf9f7;

  /* — Borders — */
  --border-subtle: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  --border-default: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --border-strong: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);

  /* — Shadows — slightly warm-tinted — */
  --shadow-xs: 0 1px 2px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.04);
  --shadow-sm: 0 2px 8px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.06);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 16px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.08);
  --shadow-lg: 0 8px 32px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.1);
  --shadow-xl: 0 16px 48px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.12);
  --shadow-card-hover: 0 12px 40px rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.14);

  /* — Glass — */
  --glass-bg: rgba(250, 249, 247, 0.78);
  --glass-border: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  --glass-blur: 20px;

  /* — Sizing — */
  --container-max: 1200px;
  --header-height: 72px;
  --radius-sm: 8px;
  --radius-md: 12px;
  --radius-lg: 16px;
  --radius-xl: 24px;
  --radius-full: 9999px;

  /* — Transitions — */
  --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  --ease-in-out: cubic-bezier(0.65, 0, 0.35, 1);
  --transition-fast: 0.15s var(--ease-out);
  --transition-base: 0.3s var(--ease-out);
  --transition-slow: 0.5s var(--ease-out);

  /* — Typography Scale — */
  --font-heading: 'Outfit', sans-serif;
  --font-body: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;

  --text-xs: 0.75rem;
  --text-sm: 0.875rem;
  --text-base: 1rem;
  --text-lg: 1.125rem;
  --text-xl: 1.25rem;
  --text-2xl: 1.5rem;
  --text-3xl: 1.875rem;
  --text-4xl: 2.25rem;
  --text-5xl: 3rem;
  --text-6xl: 3.75rem;

  --leading-tight: 1.15;
  --leading-snug: 1.3;
  --leading-normal: 1.6;
  --leading-relaxed: 1.75;

  /* — Spacing Scale — */
  --space-1: 0.25rem;
  --space-2: 0.5rem;
  --space-3: 0.75rem;
  --space-4: 1rem;
  --space-5: 1.25rem;
  --space-6: 1.5rem;
  --space-8: 2rem;
  --space-10: 2.5rem;
  --space-12: 3rem;
  --space-16: 4rem;
  --space-20: 5rem;
  --space-24: 6rem;

  /* — Z-index — */
  --z-header: 100;
  --z-overlay: 200;
  --z-modal: 300;
  --z-toast: 400;
  --z-progress: 500;
}

/* — Dark Mode — */
[data-theme="dark"] {
  --cat-technology: #7a9ec9;
  --cat-lifestyle: #d4785a;
  --cat-finance: #4eaa6a;
  --cat-health: #3bb5a5;
  --cat-home: #d4a030;
  --cat-travel: #4fa0d0;
  --cat-fashion: #b07aa5;

  --bg-primary: #0e0e0c;
  --bg-secondary: #151513;
  --bg-tertiary: #1c1c19;
  --bg-elevated: #222220;

  --text-primary: #e8e6e1;
  --text-secondary: #b5b3ae;
  --text-tertiary: #7a7874;
  --text-muted: #4a4946;
  --text-inverse: #0e0e0c;

  --border-subtle: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
  --border-default: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  --border-strong: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);

  --shadow-xs: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  --shadow-sm: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
  --shadow-lg: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  --shadow-xl: 0 16px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  --shadow-card-hover: none;

  --glass-bg: rgba(14, 14, 12, 0.82);
  --glass-border: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   3. Reset & Base Styles
   ========================================================================== */

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  font-size: 16px;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  text-size-adjust: 100%;
  scroll-padding-top: var(--header-height);
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  transition: background-color var(--transition-base), color var(--transition-base);
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

ul, ol {
  list-style: none;
}

button {
  font-family: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  background: none;
  color: inherit;
}

input, textarea {
  font-family: inherit;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  background: none;
  color: inherit;
}

::selection {
  background: rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.2);
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

[data-theme="dark"] ::selection {
  background: rgba(212, 120, 90, 0.3);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   4. Custom Scrollbar
   ========================================================================== */

::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: var(--bg-primary);
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: var(--border-strong);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  border: 2px solid var(--bg-primary);
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: var(--text-tertiary);
}

[data-theme="dark"] ::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: #0a0a0a;
}

[data-theme="dark"] ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-color: #0a0a0a;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   5. Typography
   ========================================================================== */

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

h1 { font-size: var(--text-5xl); font-weight: 800; }
h2 { font-size: var(--text-4xl); }
h3 { font-size: var(--text-3xl); }
h4 { font-size: var(--text-2xl); }
h5 { font-size: var(--text-xl); }
h6 { font-size: var(--text-lg); font-weight: 600; }

p {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

strong, b {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

small {
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

.text-gradient {
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   6. Layout & Container
   ========================================================================== */

.container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container-max);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-5);
}

.section {
  padding-block: var(--space-16);
}

.section--sm {
  padding-block: var(--space-10);
}

.grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-6);
}

.grid-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.grid-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.grid-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }

/* On mobile, all grids collapse to single column */
@media (max-width: 639px) {
  .grid-2, .grid-3, .grid-4 {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   7. Utility Classes
   ========================================================================== */

/* — Spacing — */
.mt-1 { margin-top: var(--space-1); }
.mt-2 { margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.mt-3 { margin-top: var(--space-3); }
.mt-4 { margin-top: var(--space-4); }
.mt-6 { margin-top: var(--space-6); }
.mt-8 { margin-top: var(--space-8); }
.mt-10 { margin-top: var(--space-10); }
.mt-12 { margin-top: var(--space-12); }
.mt-16 { margin-top: var(--space-16); }

.mb-1 { margin-bottom: var(--space-1); }
.mb-2 { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.mb-3 { margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.mb-4 { margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.mb-6 { margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.mb-8 { margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.mb-10 { margin-bottom: var(--space-10); }
.mb-12 { margin-bottom: var(--space-12); }
.mb-16 { margin-bottom: var(--space-16); }

.pt-4 { padding-top: var(--space-4); }
.pt-8 { padding-top: var(--space-8); }
.pb-4 { padding-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.pb-8 { padding-bottom: var(--space-8); }

.gap-2 { gap: var(--space-2); }
.gap-4 { gap: var(--space-4); }
.gap-6 { gap: var(--space-6); }
.gap-8 { gap: var(--space-8); }

/* — Text Alignment — */
.text-left { text-align: left; }
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.text-right { text-align: right; }

/* — Display — */
.flex { display: flex; }
.flex-col { flex-direction: column; }
.items-center { align-items: center; }
.justify-center { justify-content: center; }
.justify-between { justify-content: space-between; }
.flex-wrap { flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* — Accessibility — */
.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   8. Header & Navigation
   ========================================================================== */

.header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: var(--z-header);
  height: var(--header-height);
  background: var(--glass-bg);
  backdrop-filter: blur(var(--glass-blur));
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(var(--glass-blur));
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  transition: background var(--transition-base), border-color var(--transition-base);
}

.header::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -1px;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--gradient-accent);
  opacity: 0.3;
}

.header__inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container-max);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-5);
}

/* — Logo — */
.header__logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.header__logo-icon {
  width: 34px;
  height: 34px;
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.3);
  transition: box-shadow var(--transition-fast), transform var(--transition-fast);
}

.header__logo:hover .header__logo-icon {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.4);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .header__logo-icon {
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.35);
}

.header__logo span {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  -webkit-text-fill-color: var(--text-primary);
}

/* — Center Nav — */
.header__nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
}

.header__nav-link {
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), background var(--transition-fast);
}

.header__nav-link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 4px;
  left: var(--space-3);
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition: width var(--transition-base);
}

.header__nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.header__nav-link:hover::after {
  width: calc(100% - var(--space-6));
}

.header__nav-link.active {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.header__nav-link.active::after {
  width: calc(100% - var(--space-6));
}

/* — Right Actions — */
.header__actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.header__action-btn {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), background var(--transition-fast);
}

.header__action-btn:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background: var(--border-subtle);
}

.header__action-btn svg {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
}

/* — Dark Mode Toggle — */
.theme-toggle {
  position: relative;
  width: 44px;
  height: 26px;
  background: var(--border-default);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition: background var(--transition-fast);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.theme-toggle::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 3px;
  left: 3px;
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: transform var(--transition-base);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle {
  background: var(--accent);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle::after {
  transform: translateX(18px);
  background: #1a1a1a;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   9. Mobile Menu
   ========================================================================== */

.hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 5px;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  padding: 8px;
  cursor: pointer;
  z-index: calc(var(--z-overlay) + 1);
}

.hamburger__line {
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--text-primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition: transform var(--transition-base), opacity var(--transition-fast);
  transform-origin: center;
}

.hamburger.active .hamburger__line:nth-child(1) {
  transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg);
}

.hamburger.active .hamburger__line:nth-child(2) {
  opacity: 0;
}

.hamburger.active .hamburger__line:nth-child(3) {
  transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg);
}

.mobile-menu {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100dvh;
  background: var(--bg-primary);
  z-index: var(--z-overlay);
  padding-top: calc(var(--header-height) + var(--space-8));
  padding-inline: var(--space-6);
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(-10px);
  transition: opacity var(--transition-base), transform var(--transition-base);
}

.mobile-menu.active {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.mobile-menu__link {
  display: block;
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), padding-left var(--transition-base);
}

.mobile-menu__link:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  padding-left: var(--space-3);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   10. Hero Section
   ========================================================================== */

.hero {
  padding-top: var(--space-8);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-12);
}

.hero__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  gap: var(--space-6);
}

/* — Featured (main) card — */
.hero__featured {
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 520px;
}

.hero__featured-img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--transition-slow);
}

.hero__featured:hover .hero__featured-img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

.hero__featured-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85) 0%,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 40%,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 100%
  );
  z-index: 1;
}

.hero__featured-content {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  padding: var(--space-8);
  z-index: 2;
}

.hero__featured-title {
  font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

.hero__featured-excerpt {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  max-width: 540px;
}

.hero__featured-meta {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

/* — Side cards — */
.hero__side-card {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: 240px;
}

.hero__side-card-img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--transition-slow);
}

.hero__side-card:hover .hero__side-card-img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

.hero__side-card-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) 0%,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 100%
  );
  z-index: 1;
}

.hero__side-card-content {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  padding: var(--space-5);
  z-index: 2;
}

.hero__side-card-title {
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
}

.hero__side-card-meta {
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
}


/* — Trending Bar — */

.trending-bar {
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.trending__inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-5);
}

.trending__label {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  color: var(--accent);
  white-space: nowrap;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  padding-right: var(--space-4);
  border-right: 2px solid var(--accent);
}

.trending__label::before {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: trending-pulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes trending-pulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
  50% { opacity: 0.5; transform: scale(0.7); }
}

.trending__scroll {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
  scrollbar-width: none;
  -ms-overflow-style: none;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

.trending__scroll::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}

.trending__item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  white-space: nowrap;
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-5);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
  border-right: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.trending__item:last-child {
  border-right: none;
}

.trending__item:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.trending__num {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  color: var(--accent);
  opacity: 0.5;
  min-width: 1.5em;
}

.trending__title {
  font-weight: 500;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   11. Category Pills / Badges
   ========================================================================== */

.badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 0.6875rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  line-height: 1;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: opacity var(--transition-fast);
}

.badge:hover {
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.badge--technology {
  background: rgba(74, 111, 165, 0.12);
  color: var(--cat-technology);
}
.badge--lifestyle {
  background: rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.1);
  color: var(--cat-lifestyle);
}
.badge--finance {
  background: rgba(45, 125, 70, 0.1);
  color: var(--cat-finance);
}
.badge--health {
  background: rgba(26, 138, 125, 0.1);
  color: var(--cat-health);
}
.badge--home {
  background: rgba(184, 134, 11, 0.1);
  color: var(--cat-home);
}
.badge--travel {
  background: rgba(40, 120, 168, 0.1);
  color: var(--cat-travel);
}
.badge--fashion {
  background: rgba(138, 79, 125, 0.1);
  color: var(--cat-fashion);
}

/* Solid variant for hero overlays */
.badge--solid {
  color: #fff;
}

.badge--solid.badge--technology { background: var(--cat-technology); }
.badge--solid.badge--lifestyle  { background: var(--cat-lifestyle); }
.badge--solid.badge--finance    { background: var(--cat-finance); }
.badge--solid.badge--health     { background: var(--cat-health); }
.badge--solid.badge--home       { background: var(--cat-home); }
.badge--solid.badge--travel     { background: var(--cat-travel); }
.badge--solid.badge--fashion    { background: var(--cat-fashion); }

[data-theme="dark"] .badge--technology { background: rgba(122, 158, 201, 0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--lifestyle  { background: rgba(212, 120, 90, 0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--finance    { background: rgba(78, 170, 106, 0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--health     { background: rgba(59, 181, 165, 0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--home       { background: rgba(212, 160, 48, 0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--travel     { background: rgba(79, 160, 208, 0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--fashion    { background: rgba(176, 122, 165, 0.14); }


/* ==========================================================================
   12. Article Cards
   ========================================================================== */

.card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  transition:
    transform var(--transition-base),
    box-shadow var(--transition-base),
    border-color var(--transition-base);
}

.card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.card__image-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
}

.card__image {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--transition-slow);
}

.card:hover .card__image {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

.card__badge {
  position: absolute;
  top: var(--space-3);
  left: var(--space-3);
  z-index: 1;
}

.card__body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  flex-grow: 1;
  padding: var(--space-5);
}

.card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.card__excerpt {
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.card__meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: auto;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.card__author {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

.card__author-avatar {
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.card__author-name {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.card__date {
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.card__meta-divider {
  width: 3px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--text-muted);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* — Card Horizontal Variant — */
.card--horizontal {
  flex-direction: row;
}

.card--horizontal .card__image-wrapper {
  width: 280px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.card--horizontal .card__body {
  justify-content: center;
}

/* — Card Small Variant — */
.card--sm .card__body {
  padding: var(--space-4);
}

.card--sm .card__title {
  font-size: var(--text-base);
}

.card--sm .card__excerpt {
  display: none;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   13. Category Sections (Homepage)
   ========================================================================== */

.category-section {
  padding-block: var(--space-12);
}

.category-section__header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

.category-section__title {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.category-section__title-bar {
  width: 4px;
  height: 28px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.category-section__title-bar--technology { background: var(--cat-technology); }
.category-section__title-bar--lifestyle  { background: var(--cat-lifestyle); }
.category-section__title-bar--finance    { background: var(--cat-finance); }
.category-section__title-bar--health     { background: var(--cat-health); }
.category-section__title-bar--home       { background: var(--cat-home); }
.category-section__title-bar--travel     { background: var(--cat-travel); }
.category-section__title-bar--fashion    { background: var(--cat-fashion); }

.category-section__see-all {
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), gap var(--transition-base);
}

.category-section__see-all:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

.category-section__see-all svg {
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
}

/* — Category Grid Layout: featured left + stack right — */
.category-section__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
}

.category-section__featured {
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  min-height: 400px;
}

.category-section__featured-img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--transition-slow);
}

.category-section__featured:hover .category-section__featured-img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

.category-section__featured-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8), transparent 60%);
  z-index: 1;
}

.category-section__featured-content {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  z-index: 2;
}

.category-section__featured-title {
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #fff;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
}

.category-section__featured-meta {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

.category-section__stack {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}

/* Divider between sections */
.category-section + .category-section {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   14. Article Page
   ========================================================================== */

.article {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-top: var(--space-10);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-16);
  padding-inline: var(--space-5);
}

.article__header {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-10);
}

.article__title {
  font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.article__subtitle {
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

/* — Author Card — */
.article__author-card {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}

.article__author-avatar {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
}

.article__author-info {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-1);
}

.article__author-name {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

.article__author-meta {
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* — Featured Image — */
.article__featured-image {
  width: calc(100% + var(--space-10));
  margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--space-5));
  margin-top: var(--space-8);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
}

.article__featured-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* — Article Body — */
.article__body {
  margin-top: var(--space-10);
}

.article__body p {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.article__body h2 {
  font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  margin-top: var(--space-12);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.article__body h3 {
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  margin-top: var(--space-10);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.article__body ul,
.article__body ol {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  padding-left: var(--space-6);
}

.article__body ul {
  list-style: disc;
}

.article__body ol {
  list-style: decimal;
}

.article__body li {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.article__body a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.25);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  transition: text-decoration-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.article__body a:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
}

/* — Blockquote — */
.article__body blockquote {
  position: relative;
  margin: var(--space-8) 0;
  padding: var(--space-6) var(--space-8);
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  border-left: 4px solid transparent;
  border-image: var(--gradient-primary) 1;
}

.article__body blockquote p {
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
}

/* — CTA Callout Box — */
.article__cta {
  margin: var(--space-10) 0;
  padding: var(--space-8);
  background: var(--glass-bg);
  backdrop-filter: blur(var(--glass-blur));
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(var(--glass-blur));
  border: 1px solid var(--glass-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  text-align: center;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .article__cta {
  background: rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.06);
  border-color: rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.12);
}

.article__cta-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.article__cta-text {
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  max-width: 480px;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.article__cta-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-8);
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  color: #fff;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition: transform var(--transition-fast), box-shadow var(--transition-base);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.25);
}

.article__cta-btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.35);
}

.article__cta-btn:active {
  transform: scale(0.98);
}

/* — Article Image Caption — */
.article__image-caption {
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--text-muted);
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  font-style: italic;
}

/* — Related Articles — */
.article__related {
  margin-top: var(--space-16);
  padding-top: var(--space-10);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}

.article__related-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   15. Reading Progress Bar
   ========================================================================== */

.progress-bar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 0%;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  z-index: var(--z-progress);
  transition: width 0.1s linear;
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius-full) var(--radius-full) 0;
}

.progress-bar::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 8px;
  height: 100%;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  filter: blur(3px);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   16. Category Page
   ========================================================================== */

.category-hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 340px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-xl) var(--radius-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.category-hero__bg {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  z-index: 0;
}

.category-hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  background: linear-gradient(
    to top,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85) 0%,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45) 40%,
    rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 100%
  );
}

.category-hero__content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 100%;
  padding: var(--space-10) var(--space-5);
  max-width: var(--container-max);
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.category-hero__title {
  font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.05;
  color: #fff;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.category-hero__description {
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
  max-width: 520px;
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
}

.category-hero__count {
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
}

.category-hero .badge {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .category-hero {
    min-height: 260px;
    border-radius: 0;
  }
  .category-hero__title {
    font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  }
}

.category-page__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-6);
  padding-block: var(--space-10);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   17. Search Overlay
   ========================================================================== */

.search-overlay {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: var(--z-modal);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  padding-top: 18vh;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  backdrop-filter: blur(24px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(24px);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity var(--transition-base), visibility var(--transition-base);
}

.search-overlay.active {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.search-overlay__inner {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 640px;
  padding-inline: var(--space-5);
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.search-overlay.active .search-overlay__inner {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.search-overlay__input-wrapper {
  position: relative;
}

.search-overlay__input {
  width: 100%;
  padding: var(--space-5) var(--space-6);
  padding-left: var(--space-12);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #fff;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  transition: border-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.search-overlay__input::placeholder {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
}

.search-overlay__input:focus {
  border-color: rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.5);
}

.search-overlay__icon {
  position: absolute;
  left: var(--space-5);
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
}

.search-overlay__close {
  position: absolute;
  top: var(--space-8);
  right: var(--space-8);
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), background var(--transition-fast);
}

.search-overlay__close:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.search-overlay__hint {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.search-overlay__hint kbd {
  padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-2);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
}

/* — Search Results — */
.search-results {
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  max-height: 50vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
}

.search-result {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  padding: var(--space-4);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  transition: background var(--transition-fast);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.search-result:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.search-result__image {
  width: 64px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  object-fit: cover;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.search-result__title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
}

.search-result__category {
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  margin-top: var(--space-1);
}


/* ==========================================================================
   18. Footer & Newsletter
   ========================================================================== */

/* — Newsletter Section — */
.newsletter {
  padding: var(--space-16) 0;
  text-align: center;
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .newsletter {
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
}

.newsletter__title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.newsletter__subtitle {
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  max-width: 440px;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.newsletter__form {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  max-width: 440px;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.newsletter__input {
  flex: 1;
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-5);
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-default);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  transition: border-color var(--transition-fast);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .newsletter__input {
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
}

.newsletter__input::placeholder {
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.newsletter__input:focus {
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

.newsletter__btn {
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-6);
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  color: #fff;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: transform var(--transition-fast), box-shadow var(--transition-base);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.2);
}

.newsletter__btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.3);
}

.newsletter__btn:active {
  transform: scale(0.98);
}

/* — Footer — */
.footer {
  position: relative;
  background: #0a0a0a;
  color: #b3b3b3;
  padding-top: var(--space-16);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

.footer::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--gradient-accent);
}

.footer__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.5fr repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-10);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-10);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.footer__brand {
  max-width: 280px;
}

.footer__logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #fff;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.footer__logo-icon {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

.footer__description {
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  color: #737373;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.footer__social {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.footer__social-link {
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
  color: #808080;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), background var(--transition-fast);
}

.footer__social-link:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.footer__social-link svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
}

.footer__column-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: #808080;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.footer__link {
  display: block;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: #737373;
  padding: var(--space-1) 0;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), padding-left var(--transition-base);
}

.footer__link:hover {
  color: #e5e5e5;
  padding-left: var(--space-2);
}

.footer__bottom {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding-top: var(--space-8);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: #525252;
}

.footer__bottom-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-6);
}

.footer__bottom-link {
  color: #525252;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.footer__bottom-link:hover {
  color: #b3b3b3;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   19. Back to Top Button
   ========================================================================== */

.back-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: var(--space-8);
  right: var(--space-8);
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.3);
  z-index: var(--z-header);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(16px);
  transition:
    opacity var(--transition-base),
    visibility var(--transition-base),
    transform var(--transition-base);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.back-to-top.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.back-to-top:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.4);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.back-to-top.visible:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.back-to-top:active {
  transform: scale(0.95);
}

.back-to-top svg {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   20. Scroll Reveal Animations
   ========================================================================== */

.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(30px);
  transition:
    opacity 0.6s var(--ease-out),
    transform 0.6s var(--ease-out);
}

.reveal.active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Staggered delays for grid children */
.reveal-stagger > *:nth-child(1) { transition-delay: 0ms; }
.reveal-stagger > *:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 80ms; }
.reveal-stagger > *:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 160ms; }
.reveal-stagger > *:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 240ms; }
.reveal-stagger > *:nth-child(5) { transition-delay: 320ms; }
.reveal-stagger > *:nth-child(6) { transition-delay: 400ms; }

/* Fade in from left */
.reveal--left {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(-30px);
}

.reveal--left.active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(0);
}

/* Fade in from right */
.reveal--right {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(30px);
}

.reveal--right.active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(0);
}

/* Scale up */
.reveal--scale {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(0.95);
}

.reveal--scale.active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1);
}

/* Respect reduced motion preference */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .reveal,
  .reveal--left,
  .reveal--right,
  .reveal--scale {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   21. Micro-interactions
   ========================================================================== */

/* — Generic link hover — */
a:not(.card):not(.hero__featured):not(.hero__side-card):not(.search-result) {
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

/* — Button base — */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition:
    transform var(--transition-fast),
    box-shadow var(--transition-base),
    background var(--transition-fast);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.btn:active {
  transform: scale(0.98);
}

.btn--primary {
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-6);
  background: var(--gradient-primary);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.2);
}

.btn--primary:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(196, 85, 58, 0.35);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.btn--secondary {
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-6);
  background: var(--bg-elevated);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-default);
}

.btn--secondary:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
}

.btn--ghost {
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

.btn--ghost:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background: var(--border-subtle);
}

.btn--lg {
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-8);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
}

/* — Card transition refinement — */
.card,
.hero__side-card,
.category-section__featured {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* — Image zoom on card hover — */
.card__image,
.hero__featured-img,
.hero__side-card-img,
.category-section__featured-img {
  will-change: transform;
}

/* — Focus-visible outlines — */
a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible,
input:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--cat-technology);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

/* — Skeleton loading placeholder — */
.skeleton {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

.skeleton::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(
    90deg,
    transparent,
    rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06),
    transparent
  );
  animation: skeleton-shimmer 1.8s infinite;
}

@keyframes skeleton-shimmer {
  0% { transform: translateX(-100%); }
  100% { transform: translateX(100%); }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   22. Responsive — Mobile (< 640px)
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 639px) {

  /* — Typography scaling — */
  h1 { font-size: var(--text-3xl); }
  h2 { font-size: var(--text-2xl); }
  h3 { font-size: var(--text-xl); }
  h4 { font-size: var(--text-lg); }

  .container {
    padding-inline: var(--space-4);
  }

  .section {
    padding-block: var(--space-10);
  }

  /* — Header — */
  .header__nav {
    display: none;
  }

  .hamburger {
    display: flex;
  }

  /* — Hero — */
  .hero__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    grid-template-rows: auto;
  }

  .hero__featured {
    grid-row: auto;
    min-height: 360px;
  }

  .hero__featured-title {
    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  }

  .hero__featured-content {
    padding: var(--space-5);
  }

  .hero__featured-excerpt {
    display: none;
  }

  .hero__side-card {
    min-height: 200px;
  }

  .hero__side-card-title {
    font-size: var(--text-lg);
  }

  /* — Cards — */
  .card--horizontal {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .card--horizontal .card__image-wrapper {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  }

  /* — Category Sections — */
  .category-section__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .category-section__featured {
    min-height: 280px;
  }

  .category-section__header {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: var(--space-3);
  }

  /* — Category Page — */
  .category-page__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .category-hero {
    padding: var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-8);
  }

  .category-hero__title {
    font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  }

  /* — Article — */
  .article__title {
    font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  }

  .article__body p,
  .article__body li {
    font-size: var(--text-base);
  }

  .article__body h2 {
    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  }

  .article__body h3 {
    font-size: var(--text-xl);
  }

  .article__featured-image {
    width: calc(100% + var(--space-8));
    margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--space-4));
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  }

  .article__cta {
    padding: var(--space-6);
  }

  /* — Newsletter — */
  .newsletter__form {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .newsletter__title {
    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  }

  /* — Footer — */
  .footer__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-8);
  }

  .footer__brand {
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .footer__bottom {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--space-4);
    text-align: center;
  }

  /* — Search Overlay — */
  .search-overlay {
    padding-top: 10vh;
  }

  .search-overlay__input {
    font-size: var(--text-xl);
    padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
    padding-left: var(--space-10);
  }

  .search-overlay__close {
    top: var(--space-4);
    right: var(--space-4);
  }

  /* — Back to Top — */
  .back-to-top {
    bottom: var(--space-5);
    right: var(--space-5);
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   23. Responsive — Tablet (640px – 1023px)
   ========================================================================== */

@media (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 1023px) {

  h1 { font-size: var(--text-4xl); }

  /* — Header — */
  .header__nav {
    display: none;
  }

  .hamburger {
    display: flex;
  }

  /* — Hero — */
  .hero__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }

  .hero__featured {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    min-height: 420px;
  }

  .hero__featured-title {
    font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  }

  /* — Category Sections — */
  .category-section__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }

  .category-section__featured {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    min-height: 320px;
  }

  /* — Category Page Grid — */
  .category-page__grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  /* — Article — */
  .article__title {
    font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  }

  /* — Footer — */
  .footer__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-8);
  }

  .footer__brand {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  /* — Grid utilities — */
  .grid-3 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .grid-4 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   24. Responsive — Desktop (1024px+)
   ========================================================================== */

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .hamburger {
    display: none;
  }

  .header__nav {
    display: flex;
  }

  .mobile-menu {
    display: none !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   25. Large Desktop (1280px+)
   ========================================================================== */

@media (min-width: 1280px) {
  .container {
    padding-inline: var(--space-8);
  }

  .hero__featured {
    min-height: 580px;
  }

  .hero__featured-title {
    font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  }

  .category-page__grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-8);
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   26. Print Styles
   ========================================================================== */

@media print {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    background: transparent !important;
    color: #000 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
  }

  body {
    font-size: 12pt;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .header,
  .footer,
  .back-to-top,
  .progress-bar,
  .search-overlay,
  .newsletter,
  .hamburger,
  .mobile-menu,
  .theme-toggle,
  .header__actions {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .container {
    max-width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .article {
    max-width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .article__title {
    font-size: 24pt;
    page-break-after: avoid;
  }

  .article__body h2,
  .article__body h3 {
    page-break-after: avoid;
  }

  .article__body p {
    orphans: 3;
    widows: 3;
  }

  .article__featured-image {
    width: 100%;
    margin-left: 0;
    page-break-inside: avoid;
  }

  img {
    page-break-inside: avoid;
    max-width: 100% !important;
  }

  a[href]::after {
    content: " (" attr(href) ")";
    font-size: 0.8em;
    color: #555;
  }

  .card {
    page-break-inside: avoid;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
  }

  .badge {
    border: 1px solid currentColor;
  }
}